Prevención del suicidio en médicos

  1. José Carlos Mingote Adán 1
  2. Dolores Crespo Hervás 2
  3. Matilde Hernández Álvarez 3
  4. Mercedes Navío 4
  5. Consuelo Rodrigo García-Pando 5
  1. 1 Programa de Atención Integral al Personal Sanitario Enfermo de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid
  2. 2 Ilustre Colegio de Médicos de Madrid
  3. 3 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01cby8j38

  4. 4 Oficina Regional de Salud Mental de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid
  5. 5 Hospital Severo Ochoa
    info

    Hospital Severo Ochoa

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05s3h8004

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Revista:
Medicina y seguridad del trabajo

ISSN: 0465-546X,  1989-7790

Año de publicación: 2013

Volumen: 59

Número: 231

Páginas: 176-204

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4321/S0465-546X2013000200002 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Medicina y seguridad del trabajo

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Se sabe que la tasa de suicidio en médicos es mayor que en la población general. La salud de los médicos ha recibido escasa atención de sus colegas, a pesar de la considerable y creciente evidencia de que la morbilidad es alta en la profesión. Cuidar de otras personas genera estrés en los cuidadores. El estrés por la incertidumbre clínica y el temor al fracaso son rasgos importantes de la cultura médica. La paradoja es que el cuidado de los pacientes genera estrés pero es también la fuente de gratificación más importante del médico. Se sabe que aquellos que cuidan de los demás a menudo tienen grandes dificultades para buscar y recibir ayuda para ellos mismos. Las tasas de suicidio de los médicos en Estados Unidos, Inglaterra y otros países son más altas que las de la población general y las de otras profesiones. La tasa de suicidio de los médicos es ligeramente mayor que la de la población general, mientras que la de las médicas es claramente superior. Esta tendencia es más pronunciada entre psiquiatras y anestesistas. Los médicos tienen unas necesidades asistenciales específicas por sufrir elevados niveles de alcoholismo, dependencia de drogas, rupturas matrimoniales, enfermedad mental y suicidio. La automedicación es muy frecuente entre los médicos, en especial con hipnóticos, antidepresivos y analgésicos opiáceos. Muchas de estas dificultades están relacionadas con el estrés, elevada responsabilidad y tiempo insuficiente para trabajar y vivir conciliando las demandas laborales y familiares. Muchos médicos tienen grandes dificultades para discutir sus problemas con los colegas y se tratan a ellos mismos, de forma notablemente peligrosa. El fácil acceso de los médicos a las drogas implica que el abuso de drogas sea un riesgo ocupacional potencial de hombres y mujeres.

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