Actividad física, barreras y beneficios en personas con ictus crónicoestudio transversal de encuesta

Abstract

Introduction Physical activity (PA) is fundamental for health. The sequelae produced after a stroke and other barriers can interfere in the performance of physical exercise (PE). Consequently, the perception of its benefits may vary. The aim of this study was to determine the level of PA according to the ability to walk, and the degree of disability that individuals with these characteristics present, as well as the barriers and benefits to PE practice perceived by them. Material and methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in a sample of people with chronic squeal after stroke. The survey included a daily activity diary, the SIS-16 scale, the IPAQ-E questionnaire, and the FAC and EBBS scales. Results 74 people participated (mean age 59.19 ±15.4). Of these, 51.4% showed a low PA; particularly the women (56.7%), those over 65 years (76.9%), those who were institutionalized (100%), and residents in rural areas (69.2%). The individuals with a low degree of disability stood out within the levels of moderate PA (Mdn=76) and high PA (Mdn=87.5), while those with a higher degree of disability stood out within the level of low PA (Mdn=51). There were significant differences between the totally dependent walking group (Mdn=0) and the independent walking group (Mdn=1110.500) (U=108.500, p<.001), the first of the groups obtained a low level of PA. The most common barriers were those related to fatigue caused by PE. Participants recognized the benefits of PA for increasing strength and muscle tone; the improvement of flexibility; the functioning of the heart and physical condition. No significant differences were found regarding the perception of barriers and benefits. Conclusion The majority of participants present a low PA, predominantly those with a higher degree of disability and with dependent walking. The benefits of PE are recognized for improving cardiovascular health, muscle strength and physical condition. They justify their lack of PE by the fatigue it causes.