La Cultura de Las Motillas de La Manchatestigos del evento climático 4.2 ka cal BP

  1. Miguel Mejías Moreno 1
  2. Luis Benítez de Lugo Enrich 2
  3. José Antonio López-Sáez 3
  4. Katina T. Lillios 4
  1. 1 Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
    info

    Instituto Geológico y Minero de España

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04cadha73

  2. 2 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  3. 3 Instituto de Historia, CCHS (CSIC)
  4. 4 The University of Iowa
Revista:
Boletín geológico y minero

ISSN: 0366-0176

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 131

Número: 1

Páginas: 89-108

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.21701/BOLGEOMIN.131.1.006 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Boletín geológico y minero

Resumen

Recent investigations indicate that the culture of the “motillas” – the Bronze Age settlements of La Mancha – may be the oldest evidence for large-scale water management in Europe. The archaeological and paleo-environmental data suggest a close relationship between the location of the “motillas” and the geological landscape. “Motillas” were built during the 4.2 ka cal BP climate event, at a time of environmental stress. The construction of wells that reached the local water table to access groundwater was a successful solution that lasted almost a millennium and was an important technological development that shaped the emergence of more complex and hierarchical societies in the region. The Holocene is a dynamic geological period in terms of climatic fluctuations. One of the most important of these dynamics, with global impact, is the aforementioned 4.2 ka cal BP climate event, which has been related to the collapse of diverse civilizations around the world. This event, in the Iberian Peninsula, occurred at the transition between the Copper Age and Bronze Age in La Mancha (as well as in other regions of the Peninsula). It was characterized by marked aridity, with a more intense phase, between 2,000 and 1,800 cal BC, during which there was a decrease in rainfall and an increase in temperature. The Bronze Age culture of the “motillas” of La Mancha constitutes a unique adaptation of the inhabitants of the territory to this climatic situation.

Información de financiación

Buena parte de la informaci?n y los resultados recogi-dos en el presente art?culo se han obtenido en el marco de dos proyectos de investigaci?n competitivos: ?REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P?, del Plan Nacional de I+D+i del Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad e ?Investigaci?n paleoclim?tica, hidrogeol?gica, geof?-sica y arqueoastron?mica del m?s antiguo sistema de captaci?n de agua subterr?nea de la pen?nsula ib?rica: la prehist?rica Cultura de las Motillas de La Mancha?, acogido a la Orden de 01/04/2014 de la Consejer?a de Educaci?n, Cultura y Deportes de la Junta de Comuni-dades de Castilla-La Mancha, por la que se establecen las bases y se convocan subvenciones para la realiza-ci?n de proyectos de investigaci?n del patrimonio ar-queol?gico y paleontol?gico de Castilla-La Mancha. El coste econ?mico del segundo proyecto se ha financia-do al 50% entre la mencionada Consejer?a y el Instituto Geol?gico y Minero de Espa?a.