El microbioma y su relación con la fisiología de la reproducción: Influencia de los antibióticos y probióticos

  1. ROSA M.ª GARCÍA GARCÍA 1
  2. MARÍA ARIAS ÁLVAREZ 1
  3. PILAR GARCÍA REBOLLAR 2
  1. 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  2. 2 Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03n6nwv02

Revista:
Anales de la Real Academia de Ciencias Veterinarias

Año de publicación: 2020

Volumen: 28

Número: 28

Páginas: 127-162

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Resumen

En los últimos años ha habido una enorme revolución en el mundo científico, con el descubrimiento del papel del microbioma en práctica-mente todos los ámbitos de la fisiología, y por supuesto también, en la fisiología de la reproducción. El hallazgo de la existencia de comunida-des de microrganismos en el sistema reproductor femenino y masculino, lleva a la hipótesis del posible papel de un microbioma reproductivo (junto con el de otras localizaciones, como el del sistema gastrointesti-nal), en la calidad de los espermatozoides, oocitos o embriones y en los mecanismos reproductivos, tales como la fecundación, la implantación embrionaria, o la gestación, los cuales finalmente afectan al éxito de la reproducción. Por tanto, resulta imprescindible mantener la homeostasis de la microbiota para influir positivamente en la salud reproductiva y el éxito reproductivo del individuo, e incluso en la salud de su descenden-cia. La utilización de antibióticos y otras sustancias alternativas, como los probióticos pueden afectar al microbioma, lo que puede dar lugar a cambios nocivos o beneficiosos para la salud del animal y su reproduc-ción. En este sentido, la resistencia a antibióticos es una preocupación mundial creciente en medicina humana y veterinaria, y se hace necesaria la eliminación o disminución de su uso y la sustitución por otros com-puestos alternativos, si bien es importante conocer cómo afectan al mi-crobioma original de los individuos y cómo se traducen los cambios del mismo a nivel fisiológico y productivo. En este trabajo se revisará el pa-pel del microbioma, así como el uso de antibióticos y probióticos en la fisiología de la reproducción y sus efectos en la producción animal.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet