Mental Health, Quality of Life and Coping Strategies in Vulnerable Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic

  1. Laura Vallejo-Slocker 1
  2. Jesús Sanz 2
  3. María Paz García-Vera 2
  4. Javier Fresneda 1
  5. Miguel A. Vallejo 3
  1. 1 Aldeas Infantiles SOS España
  2. 2 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  3. 3 Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
    info

    Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02msb5n36

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Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915,  1886-144X

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 34

Número: 2

Páginas: 249-258

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Antecedentes: la pandemia del coronavirus no tiene precedentes en la historia moderna. El objetivo del estudio es analizar sus consecuencias tras un año de pandemia en niños y adolescentes evaluados al inicio de la misma en 2020 y determinar las estrategias de afrontamiento más eficaces para lidiar con la pandemia. Método: 2 grupos distintos pero equivalentes formados por 604 (estudio I, 2020) y 743 (estudio II, 2021) niños y adolescentes en acogimiento residencial, acogimiento familiar (extensa y ajena) y en programas de fortalecimiento familiar en España fueron evaluados usando el SDQ (salud mental), KIDSCREEN-10 (calidad de vida) y Kidcope (afrontamiento). Se utilizó comparaciones de medias para muestras independientes y un análisis de árbol de decisión. Resultados: la salud mental de niños y adolescentes ha disminuido un 9,7% mientras que la calidad de vida no ha cambiado tras un año de pandemia. Las estrategias de afrontamiento pasivas predijeron una peor salud mental y una peor calidad de vida. Estrategias de solución de problemas actuaron como un factor protector. Conclusiones: la pandemia de la COVID-19 tiene efectos tras el paso de un año en el bienestar psicológico de niños y adolescentes y sus consecuencias pueden reducirse con estrategias de afrontamiento apropiadas.

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