Caracterización del microambiente tumoral y puntos de control inmune del carcinoma microcítico de pulmónimplicaciones pronósticas y predictivas

Résumé

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide, having limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Despite the efforts in order to understand the biology of the disease and to design new molecular targeted treatments, no obvious benefit has been observed in this disease as compared to the advances achieved in non-small cell lung carcinoma over the last two decades. Up-front chemotherapy plus immunotherapy combinations have most recently proven a modest but significant survival improvement in patients with extensive stage disease. We are at present however unable to predict which patients are benefitting from adding PD-L1 inhibitors to standard chemotherapy. With these premises there are two obvious unmet clinical needs in this context. First, to identify reliable predictive biomarker of benefit for PD-1/PD-L1 based treatments. Second, to uncover biologically relevant additional immune targets that may be therapeutically exploitable in patients unlikely to benefit from currently available immunotherapy options...