Cell therapy in periodontal regeneration

Abstract

Aims: The goals of these investigations were to compare the genomic stability, preclinical in vivo safety, and the ex vivo proliferative potentials of human periodontal-ligament-and gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells in optimal and suboptimal culture conditions (Study 1), to evaluate the regenerative capacity of allogeneic periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal cells in a critical-size periodontal defect model (Study 2) and to analyse the safety and efficacy of a cell therapy clinical protocol based on the application of autologous periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of 1 and 2-wall intrabony defects in patients suffering from periodontitis (Study 3). Conclusions: On the basis of the preclinical and clinical data provided by these three investigations, we can say that the use of mesenchymal stromal cells in periodontal regeneration is safe. nevertheless, the added beneficial effect of cell therapy in terms of clinical variables could not be demonstrated in this work.