Características de la mácula, nervio óptico y simetría interocular en pacientes prematuros medidas con tomografía de coherencia óptica

Abstract

Preterm labor is defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestational age (GA) finding greater survival today than 15-20 years ago, especially very preterm newborns (<32 weeks). Preterm birth causes a change in the physiological conditions of the child's development, depriving the uterus of physiological hypoxia or altering maternal hormones, growth factors or nutrients. Within the target organs of this process, are the eyes that can be subject to disorders that lead to different degrees of deterioration. In addition to retinopathy of prematurity, data have been reported on other ophthalmological conditions related to prematurity, such as macular thickening or alterations on the optic nerve, among others. These anatomical variations could be influenced by the immaturity typical of prematurity or by the adverse events that occur after birth. Additionally, these factors may act as aggravating factors. To study the variations of the macula and the optic nerve, optical coherence tomography(OCT) has proven useful in the pediatric population. This instrument provides near histological measurements of these structures with high reliability and reproducibility...