Resultados quirúrgicos de la esotropía adquirida comitante aguda. Causas y clasificación

Zusammenfassung

Purpose To study the results of surgical treatment of acquired concomitant esotropia and its posible causes. Methods Retrospective study of the patients with acute acquired esotropia that were operated on since 2017 to 2021. Distance and near horizontal deviation, spherical equivalent and the excessive use of the tablets and smartphones were analyzed. A good sensorial outcome was considered when stereopsis was recovered and good motor outcome if horizontal deviation was ≤ 10 prism diopters (pd) at the end of the follow-up. Results A total of 15 cases were included (60% women), mean age: 29.07 years (86.66% ≥ 16 years). Mean time since the beginning of the symptoms to the surgery was 23.3 months. Mean horizontal preoperative deviation was 19.73 ± 7.2 pd at near and 22.93 ± 7.3 dp at distance decreasing to 3.33 ± 3.8 pd at near and 3.86 ± 3.9 pd at distance (P < .001). The 66.6% had diplopia. The 46.66% had decompensated esophoria or microesotropia, 86,66% myopia and the 33.33% referred excesive use of the tablets and smartphones. The medial rectus recession were done in 10 cases. A good motor outcome was obtained in the 93.33% of the cases and sensorial outcome in the 46.66% without diplopía. Conclusion Surgery was an excellent treatment to resolve the deviation and diplopia. The esophorias and microesotropias represented near the half of the cases and the excesive use of the tablets and smartphones were the third part of the sample. Most of the patients had myopia.