Charity institutions as networks of powerhow Anzia Yezierska's characters resist philanthropic surveillance
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
info
ISSN: 1576-6357
Año de publicación: 2017
Número: 15
Páginas: 31-52
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Journal of English Studies
Resumen
A finales del siglo XIX, una serie de instituciones privadas norteamericanas se encargaron de difundir valores nacionales debido a la oleada masiva de inmigrantes provenientes de Europa del Este. Estas instituciones, especialmente las organizaciones de la caridad, apoyaban la integración de las inmigrantes, sin embargo, desde una perspectiva clasista. Según la autora polaco-americana Anzia Yezierska (1885-1970), sus programas aparentemente inclusivos realmente obstaculizaban la satisfacción del discurso del Sueño Americano, basado en la premisa de preservar las diferencias individuales. Al comparar estas instituciones caritativas con la prisión panóptica de la que Michel Foucault hace referencia, este estudio pretende demostrar cómo las similitudes entre ambas estructuras ayudan a entender hasta qué punto las benefactoras consiguieron eficazmente influir a las inmigrantes recién llegadas. La jerarquía de poder establecida entre ellas determinaría las dificultades de estas últimas para alcanzar el reconocimiento de su individualidad desde su experiencia interseccional. La alternativa a la red de vigilancia, pues, aparece en el acto de solidaridad, un tipo de resistencia que permite a los personajes guetizados representar su distinción cultural fuera del proceso de americanización.
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