Adrenalina en el manejo de la parada cardiorrespiratoria extrahospitalaria en adultos. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Background. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is one of the main causes of death worldwide, posing a major public health problem, with high rates of morbidity and mortality among those affected. The administration of vasopressors in the management of an outof-hospital CPR is controversial, the benefits outweigh the risks, however, there are doubts about which is the best option. The main objective of this work was to determine the efficacy of the administration of epinephrine compared to other vasopressor drugs. Methodology. A bibliographic search for articles on this subject published the last five years was performed in CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS and SCIELO; fourteen articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. Results. Of the 14 articles reviewed, seven found that evidence regarding the use of vasopressors in the management of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was scarce. The American Heart Association, in its 2015 review, lists epinephrine as the drug of choice; the European Resuscitation Council stated this from the outset. Conclusion. The evidence regarding the use of vasopressor drugs in the management of cardiopulmonary resuscitation remains scarce. The use of epinephrine in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest provides more benefits than placebo and these outweigh the risks of its administration. This bibliographic review revealed the need to delve deeper into this topic.