Al-Mustawcib al-kāfi wa-l-muqnic al-šāfī de al-umawī al-qurṭub

Resumen

The Arab culture, on its arrival and its installation in Spain, has well planted a new culture connected with the agricultural calendars. This new culture will merge with the local culture to clear a golden period for Andalusian calendars in the 10th century. The book of al-Umawī al-Qurṭubī belongs to the books of anwā', which is a scientific genre that compiles astro-meteorological knowledge and is part of a whole literature generically called anwā'. This literature has its roots in ancient Arab poetry and pre-Islamic culture in the Arabian Peninsula. With the advent of Islam, it began to encompass new daily concerns such as the determination of the hours of prayer, the announcement of the beginning of Ramadan, the determination of the direction of the qibla, and so on. The Kitāb al-mustawcib al-kāfī wa-l-muqnic al-šāfī is a work written in the Almohad period that recovers and perpetuates a tradition originated centuries ago and which had been interrupted. It is an original work, but closely following a similar treatise, the Kitāb al-anwā 'wa-l-azmina wa-macrifat acyān al-kawākib, written by Cordovan Abū Bakr b. CĀṣim al-Ṯaqāfī (m.403 / 1013). The Mustawcib and its author, al-Umawī al-Qurṭubī, form part of a chain of authors and works: cArīb b. Ibn CĀṣim (m. 1013), Ibn al-Bannā' (m. 1321), and al-Ŷādirī (m.1416), evidencing the transfer of the books of anwā' from al-Andalus, while creating a Maghrebi variant of the genus.