Incidencia de caries en una población infantil de Móstoles: Evaluación de un programa preventivo transcurridos cuatro años y medio

Resumen

Objectlrve: To knouw the efficacy and effectiveness of a dental health progrram after four anda half years. Design: Non randomized prospective cohorts study. Population and methods: The exposed cohort is composed of 548 school-children, 274 girls and 274 boys, the non-exposed cohort is composed of 232 school children, 119 girls and 113 boys. We carried out a dental examination following the criteria of the W H.O. The preventive measures we carried out were health education, weekly 0.2% NaFI mouthrinse, occlusal sealants in the first permanent molars and topical fluoride gel application. We measured and compared the different indexes of tooth decay and sociodemographic variables between both cohorts. The statistic significance was determined through the U test of Mann Whitney. Results: We have found statistically significant differences between both cohorts in the indexes ofdecay. The indexes of decay in the exposed cohort being DMFT: 0.70; DMFM (first permanent molar): 0.67; DMFS: 0.99; and in the non-exposed cohort DMFT: 1.53; DMFM: 1.44; DMFS: 2.25. There is an epidemiological association between the preventive program and the prevention of dental decay with a relative risk of 0.48 (C.I. 95%: 0.39-0.59) and the preventionfraction of 52% (C.I. 95%: 40.9-61). Conclusions: THe preventive program after four and a half years elapsed is effective and has a clear protector effect.