Causal Attributions and Perceived Severity as Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms after a First Myocardial Infarction

  1. Cristina Castilla 1
  2. Felipe E. García 2
  3. Carmelo Vázquez 3
  1. 1 Centro Universitario Cardenal Cisneros
  2. 2 Universidad de Concepción
    info

    Universidad de Concepción

    Concepción, Chile

    ROR https://ror.org/0460jpj73

  3. 3 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

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Revista:
Ansiedad y estrés

ISSN: 1134-7937

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 28

Número: 3

Páginas: 145-152

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Ansiedad y estrés

Resumen

Metanálisis recientes han demostrado una asociación significativa entre los síntomas postraumáticos y las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). La presencia de este tipo de síntomas psicopatológicos tiene un impacto directo en el curso y la recuperación de dichas enfermedades. Un aspecto menos estudiado es el papel que juega el estrés provocado por la vivencia de una enfermedad cardiovascular, y, en especial, por el infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM). En este estudio se evaluaron los síntomas postraumáticos, el estado emocional, los hábitos de salud, la percepción subjetiva del suceso y las atribuciones causales respecto al infarto, en una muestra de 76 pacientes que habían sufrido un IAM en las 48-72 horas previas. El análisis de ecuaciones estructurales y el análisis de sendero (path analysis) mostraron que tanto la gravedad percibida del IAM, como dos creencias concretas (considerar que el infarto es un problema hereditario y que la ayuda de otros no es beneficiosa), predecían la gravedad percibida de los síntomas postraumáticos. Los resultados sugieren la posibilidad de identificar precozmente a los pacientes con mayor riesgo de sufrir un alto nivel de estrés derivado del IAM, gracias a sus atribuciones y su percepción de la gravedad del infarto. En base a esta evidencia, se discuten las posibilidades de realizar intervenciones efectivas para reducir estos síntomas y mejorar el pronóstico de las personas que han sufrido un IAM.

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Información de financiación

This work was funded by a Fundación Mapfre predoctoral fellowship o Cristina Castilla and a Fundacion Mutua Madrileña grant to Car- melo Vazquez (FMM2009/045)

Financiadores

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