Popular Support for Egalitarian Social Welfare

Abstract

This paper provides a reconciliation of the welfarist literature and the political economy literature represented by the majority voting process. We show that a particular additive and concave utilitarian social evaluation function is consistent with the outcomes of majority voting if we restrict the class of income distributions to those that are symmetric under strictly increasing and concave transformations. A particular example is the lognormal distribution. We confirm that the required symmetry condition is generally accepted using an illustration for a panel of 116 countries. Moreover, the proposed methodology provides the inequality aversion parameter useful in practice and shows that median income is a good proxy for social welfare.