El silencio y la escuchamétodos para la obtención del conocimiento en la literatura árabe formativa (ss. II-VIII/III-IX)

  1. Samba Campos, Estrella 1
  1. 1 University of St. Andrews
Revista:
Anaquel de estudios árabes

ISSN: 1130-3964

Año de publicación: 2021

Número: 32

Páginas: 207-226

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5209/ANQE.72304 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Anaquel de estudios árabes

Resumen

Este artículo analiza las manifestaciones narrativas del silencio (ṣamt) y la escucha (istimāʿ) en la literatura árabe formativa (ss. II-VIII/III-IX), imbricada en la Antigüedad Tardía, que aborda la compleja relación entre lo oral y lo escrito. En el periodo abbasí temprano, aunque la palabra y el discurso (kalām, naqṭ) son el principal canal para comprender una revelación ininterrumpida (mutawātir) de la tradición profética (ḥadīṯ), el silencio y la escucha destacan como requisitos previos al habla, dentro de una conducta ejemplar. Según se observa en las colecciones exegéticas (muṣannaf) y en la temprana prosa educativa (adab), ambas nociones representan estados (cognitivos) de aprendizaje (taʿallum) en una sociedad paulatinamente urbana, cosmopolita y con carácter predominantemente masculino. A partir de la fenomenología del sonido –y la primacía de este como medio en una cultura auditiva– se concluye que las narrativas presentadas manifiestan (i) un desarrollo educativo «binaural», «por escucha» y en quienes «escuchan» y (ii) la transmisión y recepción del conocimiento (ʿilm) como una experiencia sonora.

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