Características electromiográficas de una población española con oclusión ideal

Résumé

The aim of this study was to assess the neuromuscular activity of a group of subjects with ideal occlusion in order to establish the normal range of functional variability of masticatory muscles that could be used as reference values in the Spanish population. The sample consisted of a 33 healthy young adults (12 males and 21 females) with normal occlusion. Electromyographic activity of the right and left anterior temporalis, posterior temporalis, masseter and anterior digastric muscles was recorded at rest position, during swallowing, mastication and maximum voluntary clenching. Mean pooled electromyographic potentials were calculated for each of the mentioned functions and were compared between genders. At rest position, both the posterior temporalis (3,6μV) and the anterior temporalis (1,5μV) showed the highest EMG activity, which demonstrates that the mandibular posture depends principally on these muscles. During swallowing, the anterior digastric was the more active muscle (11,6μV). At higher muscular activity, the anterior temporalis and the masseter muscles dominated, with values near to 80μV during mastication and up to 200 μV during maximum voluntary clenching. No significant differences were found in the muscular pattern between genders, although the masseter activity tended to show higher values in the male group during mastication and maximum clenching