Estrategias para enlentecer el envejecimiento en modelos de ratón y en humanos. Efectos sobre la longevidad y la edad biológica

Résumé

Currently, due to medical and socioeconomic advances, life expectancy has increased, and with it the appearance of diseases related to aging. Although the aging process is a physiological fact and not a disease, during its progress the deterioration of all physiological systems occurs, being more relevant in the regulatory systems, the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. These three systems, together with the bidirectional communication between them, form the neuroimmunoendocrine supersystem, which is crucial for the maintenance of homeostasis and, therefore, the health of the organism. This deterioration is based on the oxidative and inflammatory stress (oxy-inflammaging) that is established during aging, which explains the increase in morbidity and mortality associated with this process Given the importance of the aging process both socially and scientifically, the need to develop and validate lifestyle strategies that slow down this process and prevent the appearance of diseases or alterations associated with it, and thus achieve healthy aging and longevity, has increased. In this context, we set out to study the effect of various types of strategies in both humans and experimental animals, mice, which are essential, due to their proven similarity in the evolution of many of the parameters analyzed when aging with that shown by humans, but fundamentally because of their lower longevity, to check if the strategies studied allow not only to improve health, but if this is reflected in a longer life expectancy...