Puesta en marcha de un acelerador portátil para radioterapia intraoperatoria

Abstract

Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) is a technique that aims to deliver a single, high dose of radiation therapy in the microscopic bed or tumor residue during a surgical procedure, restricting the irradiation of adjacent healthy organs and tissues, which are pulled apart from the field.There are several techniques and procedures to administer IORT: IOERT (Intraoperative Electron Radiation Therapy); HDR-IORT (High Dose Rate Brachytherapy); KV-IORT (Low Kilovoltage X-rays).Initially was used to treat different malignant tumors, both primary and relapsed, with the intention of reducing local failures.In the last two decades has been also used to treat patients with breast cancer as a partial irradiation technique. It has permitted to reduce the irradiation of surrounding tissue and the corresponding toxicity and to shorten or suppress the external irradiation, resulting in a significant benefit in the quality of life of patients.Historically the IOERT was administered in the bunker of Radiotherapy units, with thetransfer of the patient from the operating room, which has been the main inconvenience for their development.During the last years, mobile electron accelerators have been developed.Located in the operating room, they enable the irradiation in the same place, avoiding the risks of transfer and shielding and reducing operation times...