Apoyo social percibido como factor protector de la ideación suicida en embarazadas

  1. PILAR CAROLINA CASTELAO LEGAZPI 1
  2. MARÍA FE RODRÍGUEZ-MUÑOZ 1
  3. MARÍA EUGENIA OLIVARES 2
  4. CRISTINA SOTO BALBUENA 3
  5. NURIA IZQUIERDO MÉNDEZ 2
  1. 1 Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, España
  2. 2 Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, España
  3. 3 Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, España
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Revista:
Acción psicológica

ISSN: 1578-908X

Año de publicación: 2021

Volumen: 18

Número: 2

Páginas: 77-88

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Acción psicológica

Resumen

La maternidad es un momento en la vida de las mujeres en el que se necesita especialmente el apoyo del entorno social para mitigar las demandas que requieren el periodo de gestación y el posparto inmediato. Método: En este estudio multicéntrico, la muestra incluye 1524 mujeres embarazadas reclutadas del área obstétrica de dos hospitales españoles de tercer nivel asistencial. Se comparan las respuestas de las mujeres que dicen presentar ideación suicida con aquellas que informan no presentarla, analizando sus respuestas al ítem 9 del Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) y se comparan las diferencias en las distintas dimensiones del PHQ-9 (cognitivo-afectiva, somática y puerperal). Se analiza qué componentes del apoyo social percibido funcionaban como factores predictores de la ideación suicida prenatal, mediante el análisis de sus respuestas en el Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI-R). Resultados: Las mujeres con ideación suicida tienen mayor carga cognitiva-afectiva, somática y puerperal, frente a las que no presentan ideación suicida. La falta de apoyo emocional percibido de la pareja o las amistades y la falta de apoyo práctico percibido de la familia son factores que predicen la ideación suicida. Discusión: Es importante proporcionar a las mujeres con apoyo social efectivo para prevenir la ideación suicida.

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