Social stigma towards mental health problems in Spaina systematic review

  1. Sara Zamorano
  2. María Sáez-Alonso
  3. Clara González-Sanguino
  4. Manuel Muñoz
Revista:
Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología

ISSN: 1130-5274

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 34

Número: 1

Páginas: 23-34

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5093/CLYSA2023A5 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología

Resumen

RESUMEN Introducción: Esta revisión se centra en el estigma social asociado a los problemas de salud mental en España en los últimos años. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en SCOPUS, PsycInfo y Pubmed de 2010 a 2021. Veintiséis artículos cumplían los criterios de inclusión y su calidad se evaluó siguiendo la lista de comprobación STROBE. Resultados. En la población española se detectan dinámicas estigmatizadoras en tres dimensiones del estigma: cognitiva (creencias de peligrosidad, imprevisibilidad, irresponsabilidad), emocional (prejuicios y emociones de miedo, ira, culpabilización del problema psicológico) y conductual (conductas discriminatorias, evitación, coacción). Los resultados también muestran niveles significativos de estigma entre los profesionales sanitarios. Por el contrario, aquellas personas que tienen contacto con problemas de salud mental o están formadas en el tema tienden a mostrar un menor estigma. Conclusiones: Se necesitan estudios longitudinales con una metodología rigurosa para acceder a evidencia empírica sólida en este campo. El contacto y la educación pueden ser factores relevantes a la hora de programar intervenciones antiestigma, tanto en la población general como en los profesionales sanitarios.

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