Caracterización del Microbioma Subgingival en pacientes con periodontitis en España y Colombia

Abstract

Periodontitis, recently classified into stages and grades following the criteria of the classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions 2018, is a multifactorial and multidimensional chronic inflammatory disease with a complex polymicrobial etiology. It is a very prevalent disease, and its frecuency may vary according to the economic, cultural social, and ethnic conditions of the populations. Its main etiological factor is the bacterial communities organized in subgingival biofilms, which mainly result from ecological changes in their structure and from the increase in total microbial biomass. More than 700 different bacterial species or taxa have been identified in the subgingival microbiome cultivable, non-cultivable, and difficult to cultivate, which have been little studied among populations. In addition, most of studies that have characterized them present variability in the case definitions used to select patients with periodontitis and have excusively used molecular detection techniques, using inexact grouping systems beween sequences, and at the risk of underestimating a century of cultivation history. Justification and Objectives: Therefore, due to the adventof the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions 2018, it is necessary to characterize the subgingival microbiome, through the use of bacterial culture combined with the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, in patients from different populations diagnosed with this new classification system.