Factores que determinan la competencia de las enfermeras de atención primaria de salud (APS) y atención hospitalaria del servicio de salud metropolitano norte-Santiago-Chile en cuidados de enfermería basados en la evidencia

Abstract

Evidence-Based Nursing (EBN) is a strategy that has been used for over 20 years in countries such as Canada, the USA and parts of Europe, demonstrating that its application generates positive results in healthcare. However, its use in Chile as a tool in the care provided by nursing professionals has not been formally documented.Objectives: Identify the level of EBN competency of nurses employed by the North Santiago Metropolitan Health Service, Chile (Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Norte de Santiago, Chile).Methodology: The competency of professionals was measured using questionnaire EBPQ- 19, through three dimensions: “Attitudes”, “Knowledge and Abilities”, and “Practice”. An anonymous survey was also carried out that considered socio-demographic and professional variables.We conducted a predictive correlational descriptive cross-study study across all nursing professionals in the North Santiago Metropolitan Health Service of Santiago de Chile, both in the hospital setting and in Primary Health Care. The universe was made up of 654 nurses belonging to three high complexity hospitals and 7 Primary Care centers. A convenience sampling was carried out, calculating the sample size for a 95% confidence interval, a heterogeneity of 50% and a margin of error of 5%, obtaining a N=243 subjects. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted, accounting for measured quantitative variables such as central tendency measures, and standard deviation, frequency, and percentages for qualitative variables. Additionally, a bivariate analysis was conducted applying T and ANOVA tests to the “Practice”, “Attitude”, and “Knowledge and Abilities” dimensions against the different nominal variables. For quantitative variables, Pearson correlations were determined. Finally, we conducted regressions for the endogenous variable combinations for the Total Score and for each of the factors of EBPQ-19, creating two models for the analysis...