Alteraciones del equilibrio en pacientes hemodializados

Résumé

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent disease that affects between 11% and 13% of the world population (1). Most CKD patients are on hemodialysis (HD). The dialysis process involves a situation of hemodynamic instability that can be associated with episodes of hyper or hypotension, which worsen postural balance and increases the risk of falls (2). In fact, falls are considered one of the main independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality, loss of quality of life and reduced life expectancy in patients with CKD (3–5). Previous studies have observed that CKD patients after a dialysis session present alterations in postural control (7,8). Recent studies found a significant relationship between the speed of movement of the pressure center and a greater probability of falling in HD patients (9,10), although the HD factors that have a more significant influence on instability and the risk of falling. And what are the factors that can induce these patients to present greater balance disturbances and / or falls?...