Análisis de los cambios dentoalveolares producidos en pacientes de clase III tratados con ortodoncia de camuflaje

Résumé

Introduction: class III prevalence in the Spanish orthodontic population is 18%. Camouflage orthodontic treatment is common in patients with class III moderate and acceptable facial aesthetics. The aim of these treatments is to get a proper overjet, increasing the dental compensation, that is, upper incisors proclination and lower incisors retroclination. Objetives: the purpose of this study is: to establish the skeletal characteristics and the upper and lower incisors inclination in patients with class III before treatment with camouflage orthodontics and then to analyze the changes in incisor inclination after treatment. Material and methods: to do this we have analyzed the pretreatment (T1) and postreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of a sample of 27 patients with skeletal class III (Wits < - 2mm) treated with camouflage orthodontics. The variables studied were SNA, SNB, ANB, Wits, upper incisor inclination, lower incisor inclination and interincisor angle. Results: the average value of SNA before treatment was below standard in 48.1% of cases and 51.9% of the patients showed increased values of SNB. ANB was below the norm in 88.9% before treatment, The upper incisor was proclined in 55.6% and lower incisor retroclined in 63% of the cases. After treatment there were no significant changes in the variables that express the sagittal skeletal relations (SNA, SNB, ANB and Wits). However, the maxillary incisors were proinclined an average of 2.7º, while the lower incisors were retroclined 6.5º. Conclusions: after the analysis of the results the conclusion is that before treatment, there was a similar percentage of patients with proclined upper incisors and retroclined lower incisors. Nevertheless, with the orthodontic treatment, dental compensation to achieve a proper overjet was carried out mainly with the retroclination of the lower incisors.