Programa de formación en comunicación a vendedores de un mercadoEstudio de un caso de afasia con agramatismo

  1. Estíbaliz Terradillos 1
  2. Teresa Simón 1
  3. Ramón López-Higes 1
  1. 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

Revista:
Revista de Investigación en Logopedia

ISSN: 2174-5218

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 13

Número: 2

Páginas: 34-53

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de Investigación en Logopedia

Resumen

La competencia comunicativa del interlocutor puede influir en la participación social de la persona con afasia (PCA). Este estudio analiza los efectos de un programa de formación en interlocutores desconocidos de una PCA dentro de un entorno natural, mediante un enfoque basado en la interacción. Se grabó en video a una PCA agramática en seis situaciones de compra dentro de un mercado, antes y después de una formación proporcionada a tres vendedores voluntarios (I1, I2 e I3) sin conocimientos previos de afasia. Mediante análisis conversacional, se identificaron 9 conductas comunicativas en los interlocutores y se puntuaron las interacciones con escalas funcionales. Existe una estructura conversacional típica, pero con variaciones individuales y entre interacciones, dependientes del contexto. Tras la formación, se aprecian cambios cualitativos en la frecuencia de uso de estrategias no verbales en todos los vendedores. Asimismo, I2 e I3 incorporaron la estrategia de retoma y las facilitaciones semánticas, respectivamente. Los resultados también muestran diferencias significativas en la competencia comunicativa de los vendedores, de manera general e individual. Igualmente, la PCA mejora el nivel de participación conversacional tanto en los actos interaccionales como transaccionales, iniciando nuevos temas en las tres interacciones. Este tipo de intervención requiere tiempo, conocimientos del contexto y organización para llevarse a cabo. El análisis de las interacciones con personas desconocidas durante la actividad de la compra puede orientar a los logopedas sobre los aspectos relevantes de la intervención dirigida a apoyar la participación social de sus pacientes con afasia.

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