La enfermedad renal crónica, una epidemia silenciosa

  1. Patricia de Sequera 1
  1. 1 Hospital Infanta Leonor
    info

    Hospital Infanta Leonor

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05nfzf209

Revue:
RIECS: Revista de Investigación y Educación en Ciencias de la Salud

ISSN: 2530-2787

Année de publication: 2023

Volumen: 8

Número: 2

Pages: 3-10

Type: Article

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D'autres publications dans: RIECS: Revista de Investigación y Educación en Ciencias de la Salud

Résumé

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents one of the main public health problems due to its high prevalence, the severity of its complications and high associated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and finally the impact on health systems, with high economic and social costs. In Spain, according to epidemiological studies, it affects approximately 10% -15% of the adult population. It is commonly called the “silent” disease, because despite this high prevalence (it is estimated that 1 in 7 Spanish adults suffer from this disease) there is an underdiagnosis, because CKD does not produce symptoms until it is in very advanced stages. Among the causes that can lead to CKD, diabetes is in the first place, a disease whose incidence continues to increase, mainly related to obesity and which represents the cause of 25% of patients who begin renal replacement treatment. The second cause is unrelated or unknown, which constitutes 18%. The diagnosis is simple, with a blood test that includes the determination of creatinine, which allows us to measure the glomerular filtration rate (kidney function), and also the determination of albumin in urine. CKD is classified into 5 stages or grades, in stage 1 the kidney function is normal, but there are alterations inthe composition of the urine or structure of the kidney and in stage 5 the patient has a renal filtration rate or function of less than 15 ml/min. The most important complication of CKD is that it increases cardiovascular risk.

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