Grafitos, "dipintos" y "tituli picti" de la ínsula VII, 6 en Pompeya

Zusammenfassung

Roman culture epigraphic, since the first studies on the civilization, Mainly a result of the discoveries of Herculaneum and Pompeii, it has been called "the culture of typography", due to the variety of test that report on different topics and conventional motifs. In front of public and monumental inscriptions there is also what is called minor epigraphy whose support was, basically, the wall: the famous graffiti and dipinti. The grafito is the written text or drawing on the wall with coal, while the dipinto is the written text on the wall with paint. Both inscriptions provide exceptional information about the life and customs of their time: anonymous authors left on the walls of their homes, their establishments or even on public walls of their beliefs and their personal situations. These inscriptions are spontaneous, immediate writings, whose monumentally need does not imply permanence in time. but they are designed to have a precise function in the now. From the point of view of the ancient linguistics, they have provided Important information about vulgar Latin and its evolution, who study these epigraphic testimonies of the insula VII. 6? This insula was first excavation between 1760, 1761 and 1762 by the military engineers Roque Joaquin de Alcubierre and Karl Weber, who worked under the orders and patronage of King Carlos III. During the nineteenth century, the Italian archaeologist Giusepe Fiorelli collected all that information generated by the engineers from the files and published it a Century later. Between 1909 and 1910, the second major excavation of the insula was conducted by Giuseppe Spano: he was the first archaeologist to excavate it completely, he left all well documented (including photos and maps) and collected lite graffiti and dipinti which he found while advancing his work. However in a parallel way and concerning to the political sphere, Mussolini imposed a fascist government based on cultural policy so he controlled all the archaeological wealth of Italy and used it for the benefit of his party because of the importance that Mussolini granted to Pompeii and, as a many Germans hid in the basements of some of its excavated houses, the ancient city suffered irreparable damage during World War II. Specifically, insula VII, 6 was bombed on September 13th 1943. Precisely for this, we owe so much to the written testimony of Spano, because otherwise we would never have known of the existence of the graffiti and dipinti of this insula. Some authors say that it was the most affected by far, the most demolished and forgotten of the history of Pompeii the real “Cinderella” of the excavations. Despite the attempts, of Vitello Pietro to restore the VII, 6, in 1950, it fell into oblivion, with this work, the main objective of the author has been to collect and organize all the epigraphic documentation found in this insula, since the excavations began in this area of Pompeii until the documentation, which appears today. So a corpus of inscriptions with a total of 174 documents has been created. Later, a relevant epigraphic study has been carried out with its subsequent conclusions.