Specific phobia disorder symptoms in people over 65 in Madrida network analysis

  1. Miguel A Castellanos
  2. Berta Ausín
  3. Manuel Muñoz
Journal:
Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología

ISSN: 1130-5274

Year of publication: 2022

Volume: 33

Issue: 2

Pages: 73-82

Type: Article

DOI: 10.5093/CLYSA2022A5 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Clínica y salud: Investigación Empírica en Psicología

Abstract

ABSTRACT A symptom network analysis of specific phobia disorder (SPD) was conducted according to gender and age in 555 people over 65 in the Region of Madrid (Spain). The network was estimated using the InsingFit package that implements a procedure called eLasso. These results reveal differences in the strength, closeness, and betweenness of the different networks according to gender but not for the 65-74 and 75-84 age groups. The gender variable presents a greater presence of symptoms in women than in men. For all types of specific phobia, the symptom of greater occurrence for both groups was fear. The main difference between men and women over 65 with SPD lies in the situational type, where centrality is more distributed and where the most central symptoms are distress for women and fear for men. These differences in the networks seem to support the conceptualization of SPD from a dimensional point of view.

Bibliographic References

  • Alonso, J,Angermeyer, M. C,Bernert, S,Bruffaerts, R,Brugha, T. S,Bryson, H,de Girolamo, G,Graaf, R,Demyttenaere, K,Gasquet, I,Haro, J. M,Katz, S. J,Kessler, R. C,Kovess, V,Lépine, J. P,Ormel, J,Polidori, G,Russo, L. J,Vilagut, G. (2004). ESEMeD/MHEDEA 2000 Investigators, European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) Project Prevalence of mental disorders in Europe: Results from the European study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) project. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum. 109. 21
  • (2000). American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. American Psychiatric Association.
  • (2014). American Psychiatric Association Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales DSM-5. Editorial Médica Panamericana.
  • Andreas, S,Härter, M,Volkert, J,Hausberg, M,Sehner, S,Wegscheider, K,Rabung, S,Ausín, B,Canuto, A,Da Ronch, C,Grassi, L,Hershkovitz, Y,Lelliott, P,Muñoz, M,Quirk, A,Rotenstein, O,Santos-Olmo, A.B,Shalev, A,Siegert, J,Schulz, H. (2013). The MentDis_ICF65+ study protocol: prevalence, 1-year incidence and symptom severity of mental disorders in the elderly and their relationship to impairment, functioning (ICF) and service utilisation. BMC Psychiatry. 13. 1-10
  • Andreas, S,Schulz, H,Volkert, J,Dehoust, M,Sehner, S,Suling, A,Ausín, B,Canuto, A,Crawford, M,Da Ronch, C,Grassi, L,Hershkovitz, Y,Muñoz, M,Quirk, A,Rotenstein, O,Santos-Olmo, A. B,Shalev, A,Strehle, J,Weber, K,Härter, M. (2017). Prevalence of mental disorders in elderly people: The European MentDis_ICF65+ study. The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science. 210. 125
  • Ausín, B,Muñoz, M,Castellanos, M. Á,García, S. (2020). Prevalence and characterization of specific phobia disorder in people over 65 years old in a Madrid Community sample (Spain) and its relationship to quality of life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17.
  • Borsboom, D. (2017). A network theory of mental disorders. World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association. 16. 5-13
  • Borsboom, D,Cramer, A. O. (2013). Network analysis: An integrative approach to the structure of psychopathology. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 9. 91-121
  • Canuto, A,Weber, K,Baertschi, M,Andreas, S,Volkert, J,Dehoust, M. C,Sehner, S,Suling, A,Wegscheider, K,Ausín, B,Crawford, M. J,Da Ronch, C,Grassi, L,Hershkovitz, Y,Muñoz, M,Quirk, A,Rotenstein, O,Santos-Olmo, A. B,Shalev, A,Härter, M. (2018). Anxiety disorders in old age: Psychiatric comorbidities, quality of life, and prevalence according to age, gender, and country. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. 26. 174
  • Castellanos, M.A,Ausín, B,Bestea, S,González-Sanguino, C,Muñoz, M. (2020). A network analysis of major depressive disorder symptoms and age and gender-related differences in people over 65 in a Madrid Community sample (Spain). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17.
  • Cisneros, G. E,Ausín, B. (2018). Prevalencia de los trastornos de ansiedad en las personas mayores de 65 años: una revisión sistemática [Prevalence of anxiety disorders in people over 65 years-old: A systematic review]. Revista Española de Geriatria y Gerontologia. 54. 34-48
  • Coelho, C. M,Gonçalves, D. C,Purkis, H,Pocinho, M,Pachana, N. A,Byrne, G. J. (2010). Specific phobias in older adults: Characteristics and differential diagnosis. International Psychogeriatrics. 22. 702
  • Contreras, A,Nieto, I,Valiente, C,Espinosa, R,Vazquez, C. (2019). The study of psychopathology from the network snalysis perspective: A systematic review. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 88. 71-83
  • Conway, C. C,Forbes, M. K,Forbush, K. T,Fried, E. I,Hallquist, M. N,Kotov, R,Mullins-Sweatt, S. N,Shackman, A. J,Skodol, A. E,South, S. C,Sunderland, M,Waszczuk, M. A,Zald, D. H,Afzali, M. H,Bornovalova, M. A,Carragher, N,Docherty, A. R,Jonas, K. G,Krueger, R. F,Patalay, P,Eaton, N. R. (2019). A hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology can transform mental health research. Perspectives on Psychological Science: A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science. 14. 419
  • Eells, T. D. (2015). Psychotherapy case formulation. APA.
  • Epskamp, S,Borsboom, D,Fried, E. I. (2018). Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: A tutorial paper. Behaviour Research Methods. 50. 195-212
  • Epskamp, S,Cramer, A. O .J,Waldorp, L. J,Schmittmann, V. D,Borsboom, D. (2012). Qgraph: Network visualizations of relationships in psychometric data. Journal of Statistical Software. 48. 1-18
  • Folstein, M. F,Folstein, S. E,McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 12. 189
  • Forbes, M. K,Tackett, J. L,Markon, K. E,Krueger, R. F. (2016). Beyond comorbidity: Toward a dimensional and hierarchical approach to understanding psychopathology across the life span. Development and Psychopathology. 28. 971
  • Fredrikson, M,Annas, P,Fischer, H,Wik, G. (1996). Gender and age differences in the prevalence of specific fears and phobias. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 34. 33
  • Grassi, L,Caruso, R,Da Ronch, C,Härter, M,Schulz, H,Volkert, J,Dehoust, M,Sehner, S,Suling, A,Wegscheider, K,Ausín, B,Canuto, A,Muñoz, M,Crawford, M. J,Hershkovitz, Y,Quirk, A,Rotenstein, O,Santos-Olmo, A. B,Shalev, A,Nanni, M. G. (2020). Quality of life, level of functioning, and its relationship with mental and physical disorders in the elderly: results from the MentDis_ICF65+ study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 18.
  • (2020). Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Censo de poblaciones y viviendas.
  • Kendler, K. S,Aggen, S. H,Werner, M,Fried, E. I. (2020). A topography of 21 phobic fears: network analysis in an epidemiological sample of adult twins. Psychological Medicine. 1-8
  • Kotov, R,Krueger, R. F,Watson, D,Achenbach, T. M,Althoff, R. R,Bagby, R. M,Brown, A. Y,Carpenter, W. T,Caspi, A,Clark, L. A,Eaton, N. R,Forbes, N. K,Forbush, K. Y,Goldberg, D,Hasin, D,Hyman, S. E,Ivanova, A,Lynam, D. R,Markon, K,Zimmerman, M. (2017). The hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP): A dimensional alternative to traditional nosologies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 126. 454
  • Madhoo, M,Levine, S. Z. (2016). Network analysis of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology: Reanalysis of the STAR*D clinical trial. European Neuropsychopharmacology. 26. 1768
  • Muñoz, M,Ausín, B,Panadero, S. (2019). Manual práctico de evaluación psicológica clínica. Síntesis.
  • McNally, R. J. (2016). Can network analysis transform psychopathology?. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 86. 95-104
  • Palmer, B. W,Jeste, D. V,Sheikh, J. I. (1997). Anxiety disorders in the elderly: DSM-IV and other barriers to diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Affective Disorders. 46. 183
  • Price, E. C,Gregg, J. J,Smith, M. D,Fiske, A. (2018). Masculine traits and depressive symptoms in older and younger men and women. American Journal of Men's Health. 12. 19-29
  • van Borkulo, C,Boschloo, L,Borsboom, D,Penninx, B. W,Waldorp, L. J,Schoevers, R. A. (2015). Association of symptom network structure with the course of depression. JAMA Psychiatry. 72. 1219
  • Volkert, J,Andreas, S,Härter, M,Dehoust, M. C,Sehner, S,Suling, A,Ausín, B,Canuto, A,Crawford, M. J,Da Ronch, C,Grassi, L,Hershkovitz, Y,Muñoz, M,Quirk, A,Rotenstein, O,Santos-Olmo, A. B,Shalev, A. Y,Strehle, J,Weber, K,Wegscheider, K,Schulz, H. (2018). Predisposing, enabling, and need factors of service utilization in the elderly with mental health problems. International Psychogeriatrics. 30. 1027
  • Volkert, J,Schulz, H,Härter, M,Wlodarczyk, O,Andreas, S. (2013). The prevalence of mental disorders in older people in Western countries – a meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews. 12. 339
  • Wittchen, H. U,Strehle, J,Gerschler, A,Volkert, J,Dehoust, M,Sehner, S,Wegscheider, B,Ausìn, B,Canuto, A,Crawford, M,Da Ronch, C,Grassi, L,Hershkovitz, Y,Muñoz, M,Quirk, A,Rotenstein, O,Santos-Olmo, A. B,Shalev, A,Weber, K,Andreas, S. (2014). Measuring symptoms and diagnosing mental disorders in the elderly community: The test-retest reliability of the CIDI65+. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 24. 116
Data source: Dialnet