El impacto de los medios tecnológicos en la educaciónuna investigación a la luz de Platón y McLuhan

Abstract

In today's world, and for several decades now, information technologies have been playing an increasingly central role in discussions about educational reforms. It is often understood, in fact, that such reforms are demanded precisely by the transformations that digital technology and the Internet induce in the daily life of contemporary societies. This research tries to elucidate the impact of technology (of the multiple and successive technologies) on the concept of knowledge that human societies generate, and therefore on the type of devices that they create for its preservation through the change of generations (what can be called “education”). To this end, he relies on the theses of M. McLuhan, mainly contained in his works The Gutenberg Galaxy and Understanding Media. Also of special relevance in this journey is the Platonic work, which can be considered the first manifestation of this reflection on technological media and their impact on what we understand as knowledge and education. The analysis will reveal that the models of mass schooling are inextricably linked to the society generated by the printing press, fundamentally through the tension inherent in this, also underlying Enlightenment thought, between mass and individual and nation and citizen. From the linkage of the current educational model with the era of the printing press, now in decline, it follows that this model may be affected by the technological shift that we have been witnessing for at least two decades, with the so-called "digital revolution", and some ideas are presented on what form education may take in the new paradigm.