Advancements in multi-omics strategies in personalized medicine and the ethical, legal and criminological considerations

  1. Marco-Francia, María-Pilar 1
  2. Marina Mora-Ortiz 2
  1. 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  2. 2 Universidad de Córdoba
    info

    Universidad de Córdoba

    Córdoba, España

    ROR https://ror.org/05yc77b46

Journal:
Revista de derecho y genoma humano: genética, biotecnología y medicina avanzada

ISSN: 1134-7198

Year of publication: 2023

Issue: 58

Pages: 163-182

Type: Article

DOI: 10.14679/2290 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Revista de derecho y genoma humano: genética, biotecnología y medicina avanzada

Abstract

Advances in multi-omics strategies, both analytical and computational, have led to the development of personalized medicine, which tailors medical treatment to the individual based on an understanding of their biological makeup. This approach has the potential to revolutionize medical care by providing more effective and efficient treatments. However, the implementation of personalized medicine raises important ethical, legal, and social issues. Ethical and legal considerations surrounding multi- omics testing, the challenges of implementing personalized medicine in low-income countries, and the role of intellectual property laws in shaping access to personalized treatments are issues of growing concern. Some considerations include issues of privacy, informed consent, and possible discrimination, considerations that may apply in criminal terms because of the significant advances that will be made in the coming years in multi-omics analysis. Omics studies are going to lead to a greater understanding of the biological mechanisms that contribute to mental illness and aggressive behaviors (Jakovljevic and Jakovljevic 2019). Human biology, which underlies certain disorders that have a great influence on the criminal issue, will be better explained by the multi-layered system that multi-omics testing provides and will reveal biochemical biomarkers of aggression that will provide us with vital information in the criminal and criminological fields. An important ethical aspect is the right to privacy of genetic information. Patients may hesitate to undergo genetic testing if they fear that their information will be shared or used in ways they did not intend. Informed consent is another important ethical and legal consideration. The potential for discrimination is also an important legal consideration surrounding genetic testing. Patients may be concerned that their results will be used against them, as in denial of health insurance coverage or employment opportunities. Another concern is the use of highly accurate predictive models made with multi-omics data, by private insurers and public healthcare, and how it may affect the patient.

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