Relación entre literatura y política: un análisis sociocrítico de las obras de Mo Yan

Resum

Abstract Mo Yan is an author who caused controversies inside and outside China, because of the themes, the characters and the language in his works. His works always contain many elements related to political and historical contexts and some creativity. Due to the special political identity of its author and its uniqueness, the works of Mo called my attention powerfully. That is why we choose his works as examples to investigate the relationship between literature and politics. The aim of this thesis is to analyse some representative Chinese literary works, which are products of Eastern society and that includes a lot of socialist and Marxist nuances, from the socio-critical and Marxist perspective, to investigate the possible relationships between the Literature and politics and to find a state of balance or a way to get the balance between literature and politics. In this paper, we will investigate how Mo Yan’s works reflect the relationship of mutual influence between literature and politics. We do not limit to a single work. We will focus on his long novels, which are more important and more representative. In the first part of this work, we will see both Chinese and Western opinions about literature, politics and the relationship between them. We will carry out a research in literary theory, especially the Marxist literary criticism, which offers us a theoretical basis to develop the concrete analysis in the second part. In the second part we will combine the works of Mo Yan with the theory. We will investigate throughout the creation process of the literary works (before, during and after) to see to what extent literature and politics are combined. We will analyse the biography of Mo Yan, the contexts of his literary creation (Chapter III), the literary elements (language, content, forms, style, intertextual elements and conflicts in the works) in his important works (Chapter IV), direct and indirect interventions imposed by the politics (Chapter V) and the literary prizes, especially the Nobel Prize for Literature which was awarded to Mo Yan. We will deepen the analysis carried out in the previous sections and we will see if the works of Mo belong to propagandistic literature or not, which is a mechanical combination of politics and literature.